---
gene_symbols:
  - cyp716A12
gene_symbol_long: cytochrome P450 monoxygenase
gene_model_pub_name: Medtr3g021350
gene_model_full_id: medtr.A17_HM341.gnm4.ann2.Medtr3g021350
confidence: 5
curators:
  - Steven Cannon
phenotype_synopsis: A cytochrome P450 gene (CYP716A12) is involved in an early step in saponin biosynthesis and is found in most tissues.  CYP716A12 loss-of-function mutants do not produce hemolytic saponins and only synthetize soyasaponins, and were thus named lacking hemolytic activity (lha).  CYP716A12 catalyzes the oxidation of _-amyrin and erythrodiol at the C-28 position, yielding oleanolic acid. Transcriptome changes in the lha mutant showed a modulation in the main steps of the triterpenic saponin biosynthetic pathway, which includes squalene cyclization, _-amyrin oxidation, and glycosylation.  Growth of homozygous lha/lha plants was stunted.
traits:
  - entity_name: plant structure growth and development trait
    entity: TO:0000928
  - entity_name: whole plant
    entity: PO:0000003
references:
  - citation: Carelli, Biazzi et al., 2014
    doi: 10.1111/nph.13162
    pmid: 25406544
  - citation: Oellrich, Walls et al., 2015
    doi: 10.1186/s13007-015-0053-y
    pmid: 25774204